As mobile network markets become increasingly saturated, the way that networks are built is quickly changing. Traditionally, mobile network operators (MNOs) deployed macro site solutions strategically designed to enhance coverage and support network demands across vast areas. Because macro cell sites provide large-scale coverage, they are well-suited to achieving significant network reach.
These deployments relied on large towers placed at significant heights, prioritizing wide-area coverage to fulfill licensed spectrum obligations. As a result, macro sites often were used to extend reach without focusing on network density or throughput. However, as demand for data escalated, the limitations of traditional macro deployments became clear.
Seeking density
As MNOs faced the limitations of traditional macro deployments, sectorization was adopted to enhance network capacity and efficiency, focusing both on coverage and data throughput. In a sectorized configuration, capacity is divided into three sectors, each covering a 120-degree area. This deployment approach enhances capacity management and reduces interference because each sector is capable of operating independently.
Sectorized configurations significantly enhance network resilience and efficiency by enabling targeted frequency allocation and dynamic load balancing. With this method, lower frequency bands form the foundation, offering wider propagation but limited bandwidth. Conversely, higher frequencies such as N78 or the 5G C-Band offer extensive bandwidth and capacity over shorter distances.
The sectorized deployment approach is integral to enabling sufficient capacity for 5G networks, particularly given the growing need for greater network densification in urban and suburban areas. This need is giving rise to new solutions, such as Concealed Tri-Sectors or the innovative Alpha Wireless Small Cell Fusion platform, a flexible and field-operable modular design that allows a blend of different panels to be selected based on requirements for each sector.
Shifting sites
The pace of 5G adoption exceeded previous mobile technology generations in record time. As MNOs adapt to shifting market conditions and technology demands, the rapid evolution of traditional macro deployment is driving a significant transformation — from towering ‘boomer’ macro sites to cutting-edge sectorization configurations.
To learn more about this transformation, and how it impacts the challenges of expanding 5G densification in urban areas, watch this informative TelcoTalks video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e_M5YHY1gzA